What is the Latin term for a large rectangular shield used in ancient warfare?

The term "scutum" refers specifically to the large rectangular shield that was commonly used by Roman soldiers in ancient warfare. This shield was designed to provide substantial protection against projectiles and was large enough to cover most of the soldier's body. The shape of the scutum was particularly advantageous in forming a defensive wall, or "testudo," where soldiers could interlock their shields for added protection.

In contrast, "lorica" refers to the armor worn by soldiers, not a shield. "Aquila" represents the eagle standard carried by Roman legions, symbolizing the spirit of the army. "Galea" is the term for a helmet, which, while crucial in protection, serves a different purpose from that of a shield. Therefore, selecting "scutum" as the correct answer accurately identifies the specific type of shield utilized in battle by Roman legions.