What color is the bridal veil known as flammeum?

The flammeum, which is the Roman bridal veil, is traditionally flame-colored. This vibrant hue is significant in Roman culture, as the color symbolizes the fire of the hearth and the goddess Vesta, who was associated with home and family. The flame-coloring of the veil was believed to invoke protection and ensure fertility for the couple. Thus, it was not just a decorative accessory but carried deep cultural and symbolic meaning, reflecting the importance of marriage in ancient Rome.

The other options do not align with the historical representation of the flammeum. For instance, white is commonly associated with modern bridal veils, reflecting purity and innocence, but this was not the case in ancient Rome. Bridal pink and blue are also contemporary styles and do not correspond to the traditional flame-colored veil worn by Roman brides. This distinction emphasizes the unique cultural practices of ancient Rome regarding marriage customs.